10th World Congress on Neuropharmacology August 28-29, 2018 Paris, France

Biography:

Shang-Jin Shi has received his MD from Shanghai Second Medical University, in 1984, and was a Physician at Shanghai Zhabei District Central Hospital, China until 1988. He has obtained his PhD from Osaka University Medical School, Japan, in 1995. He has worked at Georgetown University Medical Center, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, and Tulane University School of Medicine as a Post-doctoral Fellow in USA, from 1995 to 2001. He has worked as a Senior Scientist at Wyle Laboratories, USA from 2001 to 2010. In 2013, he received MS from American College of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine. Currently, he is practicing for Acupuncturist at Shi Acupuncture and Herbal Clinic in USA. He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

The case study begins with a 42 year old Hispanic American woman had two nodules on her scalp for more than ten years. The nodules slowly grew larger and lost their hair. Her father had these types of nodules as well. The size of the nodules on the scalp were (a) 1.3×1.5 cm and (b) 1.0×1.0 cm, as measured by a dermatologist in 2012. The dermatologist’s diagnosis was pilomatrixoma. The patient did not accept surgical treatment. When the patient came to the acupuncture clinic in 2016, the nodule sizes were (a) 1.5×2.0 cm and (b) 1.3×1.5 cm, as measured by the acupuncturist. Both nodules had grown bigger in four years. There were no hairs growing on the skin of both scalp nodules. The nodules were subcutaneous, semi-hard, smooth edges, non-tender, and freely movable. The nodules were treated by acupuncture 1-2 times a month since February 15, 2016. Three to six needles were inserted into each nodule during each treatment. The needle diameter was 0.22 mm at the beginning of the treatment plan but increased to 0.35 mm in diameter after four months of treatment. The needle length inserted into the nodules ranged from 0.5 cm to 1.2 cm. The large nodule (a) was treated 16 times and cured on September 26, 2016 and the small nodule (b) was treated 22 times and cured on February 6, 2017. The black hairs grew back in the scalp area as the nodules reduced in size.

Biography:

Mi-Yeon Song has completed her PhD from Kyung Hee University. She is a Post-doctoral Research Fellow from Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. Currently, she is a Professor of Kyung Hee University College of Korean Medicine. She has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of the Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation.

Abstract:

Recently, World health organization (WHO) global estimated that at least 1.9 billion adults were overweight, and among them, over 650 million adults were obese. Despite its increasing importance in public health, obesity management is still difficult, when obesity is associated with various metabolic problems. Nowadays, acupuncture is increasingly used to treat obesity, but numerous evidences of clinical trials are not fully convincing because of the poor methodological quality, inadequate controls, limited parameters and complex etiologies of obesity interacting with various metabolites. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of acupuncture on the obese related parameters in aspects of metabolomics. Two-arm parallel, patient-assessor blinded, non-penetrating sham-controlled randomized clinical trial was conducted on 120 subjects. Eligible participants, women (19 years of age or older), clinically diagnosed as obesity (body mass index of 25 kg/m² or more) were randomly allocated into real acupuncture treatment group (manual acupuncture plus electroacupuncture, n=60) or sham acupuncture control group (sham acupuncture plus placebo electroacupuncture without electrical stimulation, n=60) and received treatment two times a week for six weeks. Serum metabolic profile including triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), phospholipids, fatty acids, and carnitine group were analyzed. Body weight, body fat mass, muscle mass, waist circumference, and hip circumference were also measured. After 12 sessions of treatment, both groups showed significant improvement in body measurement. However, there were no significant differences between two groups in body measurement. In acupuncture treatment group, short and middle-chain acylcarnitine including C2, C4, and C6 and L-carnitine had increased, compared to sham-acupuncture group. Although body measurement showed no differences between two treatment groups, increase in specific carnitine group could mean beneficial effect of acupuncture in obese population.

Biography:

Mahboubeh Valiani has completed her PhD in Neurosciences, MS in Midwifery and Reproductive Health from Neurosciences Research Centre. She is an Academic Member of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and the President of Midwifery Society of Isfahan Province from 2005 to present.

Abstract:

Introduction: The importance of background information in several studies has been emphasized and since controlling and early treatment of the disease, prevention and finding ways to control the intensity of the disease and thus faster rehabilitation of patients are necessary, in this paper, symptoms, severity and type of pain will be discussed.

Material & Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 200 patients with MS who referred to Ayatollah-Kashani Hospital in Isfahan (2015). Data gathering tool was a 3 section questionnaire including personal/disease characteristics, McGill Pain Questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Pain Rating Index (PRI). Pearson and Spearman statistical tests, independent t-test, and Chi-square were carried out using SPSS version16 to analyze the data.

Results: Of all the subjects 57.5% have experienced pain and 42.5% did not report pain. Based on VAS and PPI, mean of pain severity were 5.5 (2.9) and 2.3 (1.5), respectively. The lowest prevalence of different types of pain belonged to sharp pain (95.7%) and also killing pain and pain similar to tissue rupture (93.9%).

Conclusion: The prevalence of pain is high and severity is moderate in MS patients. So, attention to treatment and psychological consult may be effective in treating these patients by health care personnel.

Biography:

Mr. Ezekiel O Afolabi is working in the Dept. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Jos at Nigeria. His research interests are medicinal plants, chromatography and Herbal Medicine etc.

Abstract:

Six commonly known plants in Jos environment, Plateau state of Nigeria are used as snake repellants and as anti-snake venom. The powdered form of these plant materials were obtained from “Obyia’s Herbal Medicine” here in Jos. The powder was weighed and 10g of each of the six samples were soaked in methanol for three working days. The extracts were filtered and about 2 ml of each sample were placed in six different labeled sample bottles. The samples were spotted on the TLC plates and their chromatograms were developed in three different solvent systems. The results were viewed under 245 and 365 λ_max UV-light. Phyto-chemical analysis of each sample was carried out, and all the samples have the similar phyto-chemical principles like; tannins, saponins, steroids and triterpenoids. In view of this and because it has a peculiar nice fragrance, which may be the reason for its use as snake repellant, Sample 1 was selected for detailed chemical characterization of each component in its extract by LC-MS.

Biography:

Chioma N Adeyemi is currently working in University of Jos at Nigeria. His research interests are Skin issues, essential oils and traditional medicine etc.

Abstract:

Good health is a product of good food. As such we are concerned about physical changes in our bodies. Some of which includes; Skin issues (such as dry skin, age spots, wrinkles, and saggy skin), Loss of sexual desire and/or sexual function, Joint discomfort, stiffness, and/or swelling, Weakened muscles, Frail bones, Memory and other cognitive issues, Declining vision and auditory skills, Decreased energy and increased fatigue, A weakening immune system, leaving you sick more and more often, An underperforming circulatory system, A cardiovascular system that just can’t support a truly active lifestyle any longer, Hormonal decline, Feeling blue and moody, Dulling, thinning hair, Loss of muscle tone and your youthful figure, Slowed metabolism and perpetual weight gain. Effort is directed on how to provide the needed nourishment for the human cells, as such promote and process organic herbs, spices and foods that contribute to the body's daily requirements to heal certain health challenges as well. We grow some herbs, vegetables, spices, foods and plants with medicinal values. Our processing steps include: Picking flowers and leaves in the mornings for essential oils, selecting and washing all plant materials, drying at required temperatures, milling to required powder size, packaging and labeling finished products.

Biography:

Dr.Vikas M. Abnave has completed his MBBS from B.J Medical College, Pune, MD in Nature Therapy, Yoga, Acupressure, Acupuncture, Magneto Therapy and Alternative Medicine from different Institutes. He is currently working as a Vice President of National Institute of Yoga, Vice Principal of C.S medical College. Founder of  Pune Medical Transcription Institute. As well as he is working as Treaserer, Joint Secretary, Consultant, Member, Centre Incharge of various reputed Instutions. Free blood group camps was conducted by him in which 160000 persons were benefited. He has enthusiastically delivered more than 1200 speeches on family planning and more than 200 speeches on AIDS in N.S.S camps. He has represented India in 2006 for World Social Forum in Pakistan, Karachi.

Abstract:

The beginning of relationship between humans and plants can be traced back to the prehistoric times. The Indus Valley people used to live in villages, cities and towns, wore clothes, cultivated crops including wheat, barley, millet, dates, vegetables, melon and other fruits and cotton; worshipped trees, glazed their pottery with the juice of plants and painted them with a large number of plant designs. They also knew the commercial value of plants and plant products. There are sufficient indications to show that Agriculture, Medicine, Horticulture, developed to a great extent during the Vedic Period. In the Vedic literature we find a large number of terms used in the description of plants and plant parts, both external features and internal structures; a definite attempt at classification of plants and evidence that use of manure and rotation of crops were practiced for the improvement of fertility of soil and nourishment of plants. Even Rgveda mentions that Vedic Indians had some knowledge about the food manufacture, the action of light on the process and storage of energy in the body of plants. In the post-Vedic Indian literature there is enough evidence to show that botany developed as an independent science on which was based the science of medicine (as embodied in the Charaka and Susruta Samhitas), Agriculture (as embodied in the Krsi-Parasara) and Arbori-Horticulture (as illustrated in the Upavana-vinoda as a branch of Botany). This science was known as the Vriksayurveda, also compiled by Parasara.

Biography:

Narendra Gangadhar Umrikar has completed his Bachelor of Engineering in 1992 and PhD in 2010 from The Open International University for Complementary Medicines. He is the Director of Vastu Spandan, a premier Astro-Vastu-Spiritual Service organization. He has published one Book, one Android application on Vastu Shastra and one Software of Mathematical Astrology predictions and has been serving as a trainer and consultant.

Abstract:

Astrology is one of the main branches of Vedic astrology. As per medical astrology, one’s health is dependent on his/her ascendant sign, moon sign and on placement of nine planets in the birth chart. In a birth chart we have 12 houses and each house depict the part of the human body. Also the 12 zodiac signs show different body parts of Kaala Purusha. The 'Kaala Pursha' or the 'Cosmic Man' is a deep concept of Vedic astrology and can be explained in many ways. Information needed to prepare Natal or Birth Chart is: date of birth, accurate birth time, place of birth (city, state and country). What is a natal or birth chart? A natal or birth chart is mathematically calculated to determine the precise position of the planets at the moment of birth. While the planets and stars act as our guides, they are also symbols and systems of energy that can help us discover deeper insights about which we are, and how we can change and transform our lives. When viewed from a psychological and therapeutic standpoint, the natal chart is a symbolic mirror of our character and soul.

Benefits of a Reading: Tool to understand any ones physical status; Gain perspective on personality traits, health, external environment and outlook on life; Recognize the health problem areas in your body and ways to overcome them; This reading can help patients to understand their needs and define the path they need to follow to being healthy.

Biography:

She did her Diploma in Interior Designing, vedic vastu shastra, Vastu Shastra & Pyramid Vastu Shatra, Mantra Shastra in Jyotish, Handwriting Analysis, Ramal, Crystal Healing, Numerology, Meditation Basic & Advance, Yoga basic, tarro card, spell craft, etc. Her awards & recognition are Nakshtra Jyotish Alankar (2012), Jyotish Chandrika (2016), Best Vaastu Consultant Pyramid (2016), Jyotish Acharya (2017), All Women Astrologers & Spirituals, Vastupradip Foundation Diva Award for, Mantra Shastra (2017), Certificates on Vastu & Numerology from, All Women Astrologers & Spirituals, Vastupradip Foundation (2017) etc.

Abstract:

The sacred Rudraksha beads are importance in use as their healing properties and being identified for various physical and mental problems. The ancient Vedas use this Rudraksha in different diseases. Rudraksa and Mantra have most influence on that part of the body. In modern science the Rudraksh bead possess electromagnetic nature due to this it affect our neurophysiology in a specific manner that permit to control heart-beat, blood pressure, stress levels, hypertension and at the same time relieves nervousness, depression and fearful situation. Rudraksha beads are also believed to have a positive effect on the heart and nerves. This holy Rudraksha beads are used for treatment of cancer and other such types of diseases. The beads can be worn externally or boiled in milk and then the milk is used as a therapeutic. Different Mukhi Rudraksha powder is also taken with water to improve the pain and is also used for the treatment of more diseases. 3 P’s of life namely Peace, Progress and Prosperity. We can get from rudraksha in health as well as in our vastu.

Biography:

Prof Hong Ni, Department of Brain science, Pediatric clinical research institute, Soochow University, China is a neurologist specializing in memory and olfactory disorders.

Abstract:

Developmental seizures are one of the most common clinical emergencies in pediatric neurology and a significant proportion of children evolve into epilepsy in adulthood. The mechanism of epileptogenesis has not been elucidated yet. Our research has tentatively revealed the possible mechanism from the following aspects: First, autophagy signaling pathway involved in the acute neuronal excitotoxic injury and cell loss in forebrain, as well as long-term neurobehavioral injury and pathological changes of the hippocampus, Intraperitoneal injection of autophagy inhibitors(3- MA, CBI, E-64d)  immediately after seizures inhibited these long-term adverse consequences. Second, regenerative sprouting of mossy fibers in the hippocampus is one of the causes of epileptogenesis and is thought to be a pathological basis for the hyperexcitability of brain neurons. Our study found that there were abnormal expressions of zinc ion transporters and lipid metabolism molecules in the long-term hippocampus and was highly correlated with each other, which was in parallel with the sprouting. Long-term application of metabolic regulation methods, such as ketogenic diet, leptin, and melatonin , can inhibit the sprouting and neurobehavioral injury. Finally,  our preliminary study suggests that autophagy and zinc / lipid metabolism signaling pathways interact and participate in the pathophysiological process of epileptogenesis, which might be a new target for repair of neuronal plasma membrane damage following developmental seizures.

Biography:

Steven C. Kassel, MFT, is Board Certified in Biofeedback and Board Certified in Neurofeedback. He has practiced biofeedback since 1985 and licensed as an MFT since 1991. He is past President of The Western Association of Biofeedback and Neuroscience). He is a pioneer of Interpersonal Biofeedback, has brought biofeedback and peak performance  programs to several schools and has published on both these subjucts.

Abstract:

Biofeedback has almost 50 years of research and clinical application while Marital Counseling has many more years and a higher usage rate. Research on both fields as a hybrid is minimal and recent advances have made the study of Interpersonal Biofeedback more accessible. Clinical usage of Interpersonal Biofeedback has been reported to have success by this author and others.

The goal of this presentation is to educate participants in this unique and promising new form of this new treatment. They will be shown a research session which will display audio and video of husband and wife along with 5 channels of physiology (hand temperature, sweat gland activity, respiration rate, heart rate and heart rate variability) and how couples are learning to self-regulate physiology to enhance marital satisfaction.  Psychophysiological Profiling of couples and treatment approach and strategies will be discussed as well as outcome from a small study. The workshop will also discuss ways in which participants will be able to incorporate Interpersonal Biofeedback into their professional practices.

Biography:

Dr. Ian James Martins is an Editor/Reveiwer for Open Acess Pub/MDPI journals. Photon Advisory Board Member. Chief Editor for International Journal of Diabetes Research (2014-2018), Research and Reviews: Neuroscience (2016-2018) and Journal of Diabetes and Clinical Studies (2017-2018). BIT Member (BIT Congress. Inc). Scientist for Science Advisory Board (USA) and Academic with Academia.edu. H-index of 43, (ResearchGate STATs (23), Mendeley STATS (20). Scientific research citations accumulated to >3300. Lifetime Membership by International Agency for Standards and Ratings as Fellow. Winner (World Academic Championship -2017) in Diabetes and Medical Science (Nutrition). Conferred with the RICHARD KUHN RESEARCH AWARD-2015 ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM.

Abstract:

Prevalent chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and neurodegenerative diseases that includes epilepsy induced stroke have raised major concern with relevance to diabetes and the global problem for chronic diseases. The need to optimize drug therapy and improve therapeutic outcomes has become of major concern with relevance to alarming reports of drug-drug interactions or drug-protein interactions. The role of various factors such as diet, environment, stress and lifestyle as important factors that regulate drug therapy and stabilize insulin resistance is relevant to chronic diseases. Research that involves the various factors and inactivation of anti-aging genes have indicated relevance to defective drug metabolism. The heat shock gene Sirtuin 1 (Sirt 1) and its repression inactivates insulin therapy, hepatic drug metabolism and antimicrobial therapy. Sirt 1 inhibitors are connected to mitophagy and induction of NAFLD linked to food quality and pharmacological management (antimicrobial/antiepileptic therapy). Drugs such as Avasimibe reverse NAFLD and improve pharmacological management in NAFLD and chronic diseases.

Biography:

Dr. Fouad Azizi earned his Ph.D. in Biophysical Chemistry at the Center of Molecular Biophysics, National Center for Scientific Research (C.N.R.S.), Orleans, France. He has a research track of over 20 years working in US universities on projects related to pulmonary diseases and blood disorders. He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals and presented more than 15 abstracts at prestigious national and international conferences. Currently, he is a Research Scientist, Director of electrophysiology laboratory and Manager of confocal imaging core at TRI-HMC. His research interests are related to neurosecretion.

Abstract:

GAP-43, called neuromodulin, is a major calmodulin (CaM) and PI(4,5)P2 binding protein that plays a key regulatory role in synaptic plasticity (e.g. learning and memory). CaM is the Ca²⁺-receptor for rapid endocytosis (RE) established as the clathrin-independent and dynamin-1-dependent mechanism of vesicle retrieval in adrenal chromaffin cells (ACC). Here, we used patch-clamp recording of whole cell membrane capacitance in ACC to monitor exocytosis coupled to RE in response to pharmacological alteration of GAP-43 and PI(4,5)P2 levels using anti-GAP-43 antibodies and phenylarsine oxide (PAO) respectively. We found that anti-GAP-43 antibodies and PAO completely blocked RE whereas there was no effect on exocytosis or Ca²⁺ currents. Inclusion of exogenous CaM, dialyzed into the cell via the whole-cell patch pipette, rescued RE in cells treated with anti-GAP-43 antibodies. Similarly, Infusion of PI(4,5)P2 through the patch pipette was able to rescue RE blockade by PAO though with slower kinetics in comparison to control untreated cells. However intracellular delivery of PI(4,5)P2 precursor, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) failed to restore RE in presence of PAO. In absence of PAO, PI(4,5)P2 and PI4P potentiated and inhibited respectively RE. Application of the bifunctional thiol dithiothreitol to PAO-treated cells completely prevented the inhibitory effect of PAO on RE.

Our data indicate show that (1) GAP-43 is the prime candidate for regulating free CaM levels required for rapid recycling (RE) of vesicles, (2) PI(4,5)P2 is directly involved in the signaling (mechanistic) process of RE, probably by facilitating CaM sequestration  at endocytic sites for vesicle retrieval.

Biography:

Mehdi abdi has completed his MD at the age of 32 years from Tabriz University and medical studies from Ahwaz University School of Medicine. He is the director of Radiology department. He has published more than 2 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute.

Abstract:

The recent investigations showed that Portulaca Oleracea (P. oleracea) has antioxidant with anti-inflammatory effects. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of methanolic extract of P. oleracea against cadmium-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into nine experimental groups, as follows: Group 1 as a negative control group were treated with normal saline; group 2 received Single dose of 2 mg/kg cadmium for two consecutive weeks; groups 3-5 received a methanolic extract of P. oleracea in doses of 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg cadmium, respectively for two consecutive weeks. All administrations were performed intraperitoneally. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr), were used to assess Nephrotoxicity. Furthermore, the histopathological observations were used to evaluate the changes of tissue.The findings showed that the administration of cadmium leads to a significant increase in the Levels of BUN and Scr in comparison to normal saline group (p < 0.05). Treated group by the extract of P. oleracea significantly altered these changes to almost normal (P<0.05). In addition, these findings were supported and confirmed by histological examination. These results suggest that P. oleracea extract may be useful in cadmium-induced renal toxicity and might serve as a novel preservative to limit renal injury.

Biography:

Humaira Majeed Khan has completed her PhD in Pharmacology & Toxicology at the age of 38 years from University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Pakistan. Presently, she is serving as director, Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan, and a renowned and biggest women organization of South East Asia. She has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and is serving as an editor in chief of Lahore Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. She has involved in Social Services being Head of Active Citizen Program of British Council. She has won two scholarships one is Indigenous PhD Scholarship 2007 and IRSIP 2011 from Higher Education Commission of Pakistan. Under IRSIP scholarship she worked at Laboratory of Pharmacology, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow, UK. She is member of Advance Studies and Research Board and medical rules committee of her University. She has supervised 20 M.Phil. Candidates so far and eight are going to complete their research work this year.

Abstract:

Psychiatric diseases including anxiety and depression are among the highly prevailing disorders constituting a universal health concern. Anxiety is conventionally treated with benzodiazepines whereas tricyclic antidepressant, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, monoamine oxidase inhibitors are commonly used for the treatment of depression. Medicinal plants are now being more focused for the development of novel medications for CNS disorders due to the need of new different remedies having improved effectiveness and wide margin of safety. The present research work was aimed to examine the anxiolytic and antidepressant activity of aqueous methanolic extract (70%) of Terminalia bellirica leaves in healthy albino mice. Light and dark compartment test was used for evaluating anxiolytic effect. Forced swimming and tail suspension test served as behavioral assessment paradigm for antidepressant activity. Diazepam (1mg/kg i.p) and imipramine (10mg/kg p.o) served as positive controls respectively. Oral administration of Terminalia bellirica extract (50-100mg/kg) for 7 consecutive days significantly increased the duration of time spent in light compartment (61.94±6.24 and 104.5±5.88, respectively) as well as total number of entries (8.60±0.87 and 11.40±1.08, respectively) in light compartment in comparison to control group (23.23±7.17 and 2.60±0.68). Additionally, T.bellirica leaves in dose of 50mg/kg and 100mg/kg after 10 days of administration significantly decreased the immobility duration (150.0±28.54 and 90.50± 15.07 respectively) in forced swimming and (118.4±24.82 and 37.28±8.42 respectively) in tail suspension tests as compared to control (228.14±9.33 and 265.5±31.14). The efficacy of extract (100mg/kg) was found comparable to diazepam and imipramine administered for 7 and 10 sequential days respectively. Hence, the data provided an affirmation of potential CNS activity of 70% methanolic extract of Terminalia bellirica and thus brace its utilization as a substituted medicinal source for conventional anxiolytic and antidepressant agents. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism of action of Terminalia bellirica is attributed to its phytochemical (flavonoids) constituents.

Biography:

Mr. Olayinka Sulaiman earned his BSc.(Biochemistry),University of Abeokuta, Nigeria, MSc. (Pharmacology and therapeutics) University of Ibadan, Nigeria. He earned his PHD.( Neuropharmacology) University of Ibadan, Nigeria and CEO, MAY'OLA Agro international limited, Nigeria, Chief Quality control and assurance analyst, Tolaram Africa. He is also Research and development manager, Multipro consumer Goods.

Abstract:

Glutamate (GLU) binding to neurons can cause dynamic changes in intracellular calcium. We tested effects of a 3-group submaximal glutamate stimulus (250, 500 and 750 nanomolar GLU in randomized orders) on neurons in culture, and measured intracellular calcium dynamics in cultures high and low in glia at 8 and 9 days in vitro. Gliadepleted cultures responded to increasing GLU with synchronized dynamics, leading to a greater “area under the curve” (AUC) for intracellular calcium over time. The AUC determined if the neuron would respond dynamically to the next addition of glutamate. This observation was not displayed within cultures high in glia, where AUC returned to baseline with every GLU addition, regardless of order of addition. Furthermore, the 3-group stimulus resulted in decreasing average AUC, regardless of order. In contrast, for cultures depleted of glia, the deciding factor of a responding cell to dynamically respond to GLU additions depended on the ability of the cell to distribute the calcium load (AUC) of the prior addition. Determining how neurons respond and behave such as in the presence of functional or dysfunctional glia, may help our understanding of signal processing in the brain.

Biography:

Xinwang Li completed his PhD in 2007 from Capital Normal University. He is a professor of the physiological psychology and work in Capital Normal University, China. He has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals and Physiological psychology (Teaching material). He has been serving as the Deputy Chairman of the Chinese Committee of Physiological psychology and an editorial board member of Advances in Psychological Science.

Abstract:

Behavioral sensitization reflects long-term adaptive changes in the central nervous system induced by repeated exposure to drugs of abuse and the process of pathological motivation for drugs or drug-wanting. Previous studies have demonstrated that repeated administration of morphine increased dopamine but decreased acetylcholine in the nucleus accumbens, which included the shell of the nucleus accumbens (NAcS). The present study investigated the effect of balance between the cholinergic and dopaminergic systems in the NAcS on morphine-induced behavioral sensitization. Behavioral sensitization was established by exposure to 5 mg/kg morphine once every three days for a total of three exposures. Expression of behavioral sensitization was challenged by 5 mg/kg morphine. The results showed that: (1) The acetylcholinesterase inhibitor huperzine-A (0.5 μg/side) microinjected into the NAcS blocked initiation and expression of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization, which were reversed by the dopamine D₁ receptor agonist SKF38393; (2) The muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine (10.8 μg/side) had no effect on morphine-induced behavioral sensitization; (3) We further investigated the role of the M₄ receptor in expression of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization because the expression stage is more related to relapse. Microinjection of the M₄ receptor agonist LY2033298 (0.2 μg/side), but not the antagonist tropicamide (5, 10, or 20 μM/side), into the NAcS blocked expression of behavioral sensitization; (4) Furthermore, tropicamide (20 μM/side) reversed the inhibition effect of huperzine-A; (5) SKF38393 (1 μg/side) reversed the inhibitory effect of LY2033298 on expression of morphine-induced behavioral sensitization. Our findings suggest that the balance between dopamine and acetylcholine in the NAcS modulates morphine-induced behavioral sensitization, which can be regulated by the M₄ receptor.

Biography:

Humaira Majeed Khan has completed her PhD in Pharmacology & Toxicology at the age of 38 years from University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore Pakistan. Presently, she is serving as director, Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan, and a renowned and biggest women organization of South East Asia. She has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals and is serving as an editor in chief of Lahore Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. She has involved in Social Services being Head of Active Citizen Program of British Council. She has won two scholarships one is Indigenous PhD Scholarship 2007 and IRSIP 2011 from Higher Education Commission of Pakistan. Under IRSIP scholarship she worked at Laboratory of Pharmacology, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow, UK. She is member of Advance Studies and Research Board and medical rules committee of her University. She has supervised 20 M.Phil. Candidates so far and eight are going to complete their research work this year.

Abstract:

Ischemic stroke is a neurological disorder with a complex pathophysiology associated with motor, sensory and cognitive deficits. Major approaches developed to treat acute ischemic stroke fall into two categories, thrombolysis and neuroprotection. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the neuroprotective and anti-thrombolytic effects of Olea europaea(olive oil) and Malus domestica (apple cider vinegar) and their combination in rat stroke model. Furthermore histopathological analysis was also performed to assess the severity of ischemia among treated and reference groups.  Male albino rats (12 months age) weighing 300- 350gm were acclimatized and subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion method for stroke induction.  Olea europaea and Malus domestica was administered orally in dose of 0.75ml/kg and 3ml/kg and combination was administered at dose of 0.375ml/kg and 1.5ml/kg prophylactically for consecutive 21 days. Negative control group was dosed with normal saline whereas piracetam (250mg/kg) was administered as reference. Neuroprotective activity of standard piracetam, Olea europaea, Malus domestica and their combination was evaluated by performing functional outcome tests i.e. Cylinder, pasta, ladder run, pole and water maize tests. Rats were subjected to surgery after 21 days of treatment for analysis from stroke recovery. Olea europaea and Malus domestica in individual doses of 0.75ml/kg and 3ml/kg respectively showed neuroprotection by significant improvement in ladder run test (121.6± 0.92;128.2 ± 0.73) as compare to reference (125.4 ± 0.74). Both test doses showed significant neuroprotection as compare to reference (9.60 ± 0.50) in pasta test (8.40 ± 0.24;9.80 ± 0.37) whereas with cylinder test, experimental groups showed significant increase in movements (6.60 ± 0.24; 8.40 ± 0.24) in contrast to reference (7.80 ± 0.37).There was a decrease in percentage time taken by rats to reach the hidden maize in water maize test (56.80 ± 0.58;61.80 ± 0.66) at doses 0.75ml/kg and 3ml/kg  respectively as compare to piracetam (59.40 ± 1.07). Olea europaea and Malus domestica individually showed significant reduction in duration of mobility(127.0 ± 0.44; 123.0 ± 0.44)  in pole test as compare to piracetam (124.0 ± 0.70). Histopathological analysis revealed the significant extent of protection from ischemia after prophylactic treatments. Hence it is concluded that Olea europaea and Malus domestica are effective neuroprotective agents alone as compare to their combination.

Biography:

Yoanna Yordanova Koedzhikova is a fourth year student of Pharmacy in Faculty of Pharmacy of Medical university of Sofia. She has a long standing interest in pharmacology and toxicology and has worked over this scientific project to establish a scientifically important results over the influence of these new chemical compounds on the rat synaptozomes. She also has a deep knowledgement in the sphere of preclinical and clinical studies of toxicity. 

Abstract:

This study investigate the in vitro effects of newly synthesized hydrazones of N-pirolylcarboxylic acid on isolated rat brain synaptosomes. The main parameters, characterized the functional status of synaptosomes: synaptosomal viability and depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH), were measured.

Administered alone, all the compounds (at concentration 50 µM) revealed statistically significant neurotoxic effects on the synaptosomes, compared to the control (non-treated synaptosomes). With lower toxic effects were compound DI5a and DI5g. These compounds (DI5a and DI5g) were exam for possible neuroprotective effects in a model of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced oxidative stress.

The treatment of isolated rat brain synaptosomes with 6-OHDA is a reliable and commonly used in vitro model for the investigation of processes, which play role in the neurodegenerative disease, including Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease. The mechanism of 6-OHDA neurotoxicity includes the formation of ROS and reactive metabolites, as a result of its metabolism in mitochondria of the neuronal cells.

In conditions of 6-OH-dopamine-induced oxidative stress (at concentration 150 μM) on isolated rat synaposomes, DI5a and DI5g (at concentration 50 μM) revealed statistically significant neuroprotective effects by preservation the synaptosomal viability (measured by MTT-test), and GSH deletion, compared to the toxic agent.

Biography:

Elena Smilyanova is a pharmacy student, fourth year in Medical university of Sofia. She has deep interest in the sphere of pharmacology and toxycology, has been keen on participating into in vitro and in vivo experiments and has contributed to gathering a deep knowledge on the following and similar topics.

Abstract:

New series of caffeine-8-α-methyl thioglycolic acid derivatives (at concentration 1 µM) were investigated for possible inhibiting effects on human recombinant MAOB enzyme (hMAOB).

hMAOB is responsible for the formation of the neurotoxic reactive metabolites. It’s inhibition could be one of the mechanisms for possible neuroprotection against some neurodegenerative disease, including Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease

Monoamine oxidase activity assay of recombinant human MAOB was performed using a fluorometric method by Amplex UltraRed reagent. Tyramine hydrochloride was used as substrate.

The effects of the compounds were compared with Selegiline (at concentration 1 µM).

All the compounds didn’t revealed statistically significant inhibitory activity on the hMAOB enzyme.

Biography:

Abstract:

It seems that ginseng root analgesic effects are through dopaminergic system. Therefore, the aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of pretreatment with hydro-alcoholic extract of ginseng and bromocriptine (dopamine D2 receptor agonist) and chlorpromazine (dopamine D2 receptor antagonists) on pain sensitivity in rats.

Methods: Seventy adult male rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: 1-Sham 1 (received IP injection of saline); 2- Sham 2 (received ICV injection of ACSF); 3-Exprimental 1 (received IP injection ginseng 100 mg/kg/day for 7 days); 4 & 5- Experimental 2 and 3 (received preatretment of ginseng same as group 3 and ICV injection of bromocriptine 10 and 30 ug/rat after) and 6 and 7- Expermental 4 and 5 (received preatretment of ginseng same as group 3 and ICV injection of chlorpromazine 20 and 40 ug/rat after). Pain test was performed by formalin test. Cannula unilaterally implanted into the lateral ventricle by stereotoxic method.

Results: The data showed that ginseng significantly (P<0.05) decreased pain sensitivity in both phases of the formalin test. Pretreatment of ginger and received 2 doses of bromocriptine significantly (P<0.05) decreased pain sensitivity in both phases of formalin test in comparison to both sham groups and experimental 1 group. Pretreatment of ginger and received 2 doses of chlorpromazine significantly (P<0.05) increased pain sensitivity in both phases of formalin test in comparison to both sham groups and experimental 1 group.

Conclusions: According to the present results, ginseng can modulate pain sensitivity in the formalin test through dopaminergic system.

Biography:

Abstract:

Biorasi has a long history of running successful trials in the chronic kidney disease space, and we’ve used that time to become true experts in nephrology clinical research. We’ve forged partnerships and connections with some of the top independent sites and site/LDO networks both within the United States, and abroad. We’ve built deep and lasting relationships with respected investigators. Our staff has trained extensively on managing and monitoring these uniquely challenging trials. In short, we are well set up to deliver Clinical Research Optimized™ in your nephrology trial.